समास

Computer - Cycle Test 1 - ITKT

Note :- Cycle Test 1 - Syllabus - Chapter 1 and Chapter 2(Form Page No. 11 to 15)

8^th std  PORTION FOR CYCLE TESTS- I

ENGLISH

PROSE:

1. The Prisoner of Zenda (an extract) (EE)

2. The Luncheon (EE)

3. The Lost World Chapters (1 – 3)

POEM

1. Lochinvar (EE)

2. The Arrow and the Song (EE)

GRAMMAR

1. Sentences

2. Nouns

3. Determiners and Articles

4. Kinds of Pronouns

5. Formation of Adjectives and compound Adjectives

6. Order of Adjectives and Comparison of Adjectives

COMPOSITION

1. Comprehension

(1 – 3)

2. Notice Writing

3. Message Writing

4. Diary Writing

8^th std HINDI PORTION FOR CYCLE TESTS- I

paz

igallaU holana kolar

kivata

hmaara doSa

vyaakrNa

saMiQa

]psaga

p`%yaya

samaasa

rcanaa

AnaucCod laoKna

p~laoKna ³AnaaOpcaairk´

Apizt gad\yaaMSa

Apizt pd\yaaMSa

lahr khanaI

isa@ka

EVS/SST PORTION FOR CYCLE TESTS- I

History

1. Traces of Modern Indian History

2. Beginning of Colonial Rule in India

3. Indian Constitution: A Revelation

4. Agrarian Policies ofthe British

5. Tribal Societies and the Colonial Rule

GEOGRAPHY

1. Earth’s Store House

2. Crustal Resource – Soil

3. The Blue Resource

SCIENCE PORTION FOR CYCLE TESTS- I

Chapter 1: Food Sources and Us

· Chapter 12: Forces in Action

· Chapter 13: Friction- A Necessary Evil

· Chapter 8: Fuel,Fire and Flame

· Chapter 6: The World of Elements

MATHS PORTION FOR CYCLE TEST-1

Rational Numbers

· Exponents

· Algebraic Expressions

· Linear Equations in One Variable

SANDHI (HINDI)

THE PRISONER OF ZENDA

SOME EXTRA QUESTIONS 

THE PRISONER OF ZENDA

Q1 What route was the narrator going to take?

 The narrator was going to climb the hill which would take him to the castle and then to the forest of Zenda.

Q2 Describe the castle.

In the olden days it was a fortress. However till today it was well preserved. Behind it stood the original castle. Behind the original castle was a modern chateau. The modern chateau and the original castle were separated by a deep, broad moat (water body).

Q3 What would Black Michael do if a fit of misanthropy/hatred seized him?

Black Michael would dwell in the chateau and draw up the bridge after him.

 Q4 The narrator had to catch a train to which place?

To catch a train to Strelsau.

Q5 What did the narrator dream of?

He dreamt of being married to Princess Flavia and that he dwelt in the castle of Zenda.

Q6 What circumstances made the narrator fall asleep?

The solemn beauty of the woods, the comfort of a cigar and the fast waning(wrapping ) afternoon put the narrator off to sleep.

Q7How tall was the narrator?

He was six feet two inches tall.

Q8  Describe the two men who regarded the narrator with much curiosity.

One was short and stoutly built, with a bullet-shaped head, a bristly grey moustache, and small pale blue eyes. The other was a slender young fellow, middle height, dark in complexion and bore himself with grace and distinction.

Q9Who took the first step towards an introduction? Why?

The two gentlemen did so as the narrator felt that since they had taken the first step in the acquaintance they should be introducing themselves first.

Q10Which line in the extract tells that the similarities between Rudolf and the King were much more than the distinctions?

.....above all minor distinctions, the likeness rose striking, salient, wonderful.

Q11 What was the reaction of both the King and Rudolf on seeing each other?

The King drew back in wonder and Rudolf uttered an astonished cry.

Q12What were the slight distinctions between the King and Rudolf?

Rudolf had slight hair on his face. The King was slightly shorter than him and more dignified on account of his position. The King’s face was slightly fleshier.

Q13Which line in the extract tells us that the King was amused and not angry on seeing Rudolf?

He burst into the merriest fit of irrepressible laughter.

Q14 How did Rudolf deduce that the King was a jovial soul?

The King’s merriest fit of uncontrollable laughter which rang through the woods proclaimed him as a jovial soul.

Q15What does the king mean when he says,” a thousand crowns for a sight of brother Michael’s face when he sees a pair of us!”

The King bets a thousand crowns which means brother Michael would be bewildered to see the similarity between the King and Rudolf.

Q16 What order does the King give Rudolf?

Rudolf will not proceed towards Strelsau and he would dine with the King that night.

Q17.From the extract, what kind of a person do you think the King was?

Jovial soul, trusted people even if one was a stranger, a generous host

Q18Which word is used to describe ‘Michael’ on pg 1? What indication does it give you about Michael’s character?

Black Michael has been portrayed probably as a cunning and wicked character.

Q19 Discuss the attributes of the king?

the king was a fun loving jovial person who loved to enjoy the richness of life. Occasionally caught in the temperament of misanthropy/hatred. A gracious host, who wouldn’t let his guest go unattended. Too naive as he would trust any stranger in his way.

Types of Clauses

Types of Clauses

There are two major types of clauses main (or independent) clause and subordinate (or dependant) clause.

Main Clause and Subordinate Clause – Comparison

He is buying a shirt which looks very nice.

The above sentence has two clauses “He is buying a shirt” and “which looks very nice”. The clause “He is buying a shirt” expresses a complete thought and can alone stand as a sentence. Such a clause is called main or independent clause.

While the clause “which looks very nice” does not express a complete thought and can’t stand as a sentence. It depends on another clause (main clause) to express complete idea. Such a clause is called subordinate or dependent clause.

Main or Independent Clause   

“Main (or independent) clause is a clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand as a sentence.

Examples
            I met the boy who had helped me.
            She is wearing a shirt which looks nice.
            The teacher asked a question but no one answered.
            He takes medicine because he suffers from fever.
            He became angry and smashed the vase into pieces.

In the above sentences each underlined part shows main clause. It expresses complete though and can stand as a sentence that is why a main or an independent clause is normally referred as a simple sentence.

Subordinate or dependent Clause

Subordinate (or independent) clause is a clause which does not express complete thought and depends on another clause (main clause) to express complete thought. Subordinate clause does not express complete idea and can’t stand as a sentence. A sentence having a subordinate clause must have a main clause.

Example
           He likes Chinese rice which tastes good.

The clause “which tastes good” in above sentence is a subordinate clause because it does not express complete thought and can’t stand as a sentence. It depends on main clause (he likes Chinese rise) to express complete thought.

Examples.
              I met the boy who had helped me.
              I bought a table that costs $ 100.
              He takes medicine because he suffers from fever.
              The teacher asked a question but no one answered.

Subordinate (or dependent) clauses are further divided into three types, 
1. Noun Phrase, 2. Adjective Phrase, 3. Adverb Phrase

Phrase and Clause

Phrase and Clause

Comparison

Definitions

A clause is defined as a group of related words that contains a subject and predicate (verb).
e.g. he came.

A phrase is defined as a group of related words that does not contain a subject and a verb. 
e.g. on the table.

Consider the following example.

                He is laughing at a joker.

The above sentence has two parts “he is laughing” and “at a joker”.

The first part of the sentence “he is laughing” is a clause because it has a subject (he) and a predicate (is laughing).

The second part of the sentence “at a joker” is a phrase because it does not contain subject and verb.

The difference  between a clause and a phrase is that a clause consists of both subject and verb, but a phrase lacks a subject and verb.

Examples.
The underlined part of each of following sentences shows a clause, while the rest part (non-underlined) of each sentence shows a phrase.

         He reached   school in  time.
         I          was  standing near  a     wall.
         They     are   singing in a     loud voice.
         She      made      tea for           the  guests.
         He a     bought    a     book for  his   friend.
         I          will  meet       him in     my   office.
         You look handsome in this picture.

SENTENCES

SENTENCES

ARE GROUP OF WORDS WHICH CONVEYS A PROPER AND COMPLETE MEANING.

TYPES OF SENTENCES ARE:-

Declarative, Imperative, Interrogative and Exclamatory sentences

Give two  declarative and exclamatory sentences From pg 2 of the chapter PRISONER OF ZENDA

Declarative sentences:

 (a) I went off into the most delightful sleep.

(b) I opened my eyes, and found two men regarding me with much curiosity.

 Exclamatory sentences:

 (a) “Why, the devil’s in it! Shave him, and he’d be the King!

 (b) He’s the height, too

Identify the phrases.

(The back streets, the last remaining chief, a bank account.)

 These phrases answer which questions?

( What /Who)

 These phrases have taken the place of which part of speech?

 Noun

State: Phrases which takes the place of a noun in a sentence are Noun phrases.

Identify the phrases.

(not too terribly long, smarter than me, unbelievably difficult.) These phrases answer which questions?

( What kind/Which one’s)

 These phrases have taken the place of which part of speech?

Adjective

State: Phrases which takes the place of an adjective in a sentence are adjective phrases.

Identify the phrases.

(at the mall, in the long run in the olden days.)  These phrases answer which questions?

( When)  These phrases have taken the place of which part of speech?

 Students to be questioned and encouraged to answer.

 (Adverbs)

State: Phrases which takes the place of an adverb in a sentence are adverbial phrases.  

 Identify the phrases.

(to the museum today, with water, into the pool.)

 These phrases have taken the place of which part of speech?

Preposition

State: Phrases which takes the place of a preposition in a sentence are prepositional phrases.

THE BELOW Sentence 1 and 2 are made up of 2 parts.

 Which are the 2 parts?

(1st part : Tara ate the cheese roll. 2nd part: after she watched the news)

(1 st part : He failed the test six times 2nd part: Even though his mother is a driving instructor.)

What is the difference in the 2 parts in both the sentences?

The 1st part makes complete sense on its own,WHEREAS The 2nd cannot stand on its own.

State: The 1st part which stands on its own and is not dependent on the 2nd part is called the Main clause.

 The 2nd part which cannot stand on its own and is dependent on the Main clause is the Dependent Clause.

 Dependent Clauses are of 3 kinds.

Frame a question so that the answer is the highlighted clause.

(What should I ask my child? What is it that you didn’t know?)

State: Noun clauses usually answers the question ‘what’. It functions as a noun.

Frame a question so that the answer is the highlighted clause.

(Which book? Which man?)

State: Adjective clauses usually answers the question which. It functions as an adjective.

 Frame a question so that the answer is the highlighted clause.

(How do you talk at me? When will the pawn and king go into the same box?)

State: Adverb clauses usually answers the question when, where, because, if, how .It functions as an adverb.

(Adverbial clauses- When ,where,how,if,because. Adjective clause- Which. Noun Clause- What)

SOME PRACTICE QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER 1 OF

THE LOST WORLD

Q1.Who is the author of the Lost World?

Q2.What is ‘The Lost World’ all about?

Q3.Who is Professor Challenger?

 Q4.What kind of a person would be Professor Challenger?

Q5.What kind of a person would be Mr. Malone?

Q6.What kind of adventures do you think Malone , professor Challenger and their men must have had?

THE POEM---LOCHINVAR

LOCHINVAR

 “O young Lochinvar .................................... There never was knight like the young

Lochinvar.”

Q1 What is being told to the reader about Lochinvar in the six lines of the first stanza? What image of Lochinvar is created before us?

Lochinvar came from the west. His horse was the best in the land. Except for his sword he had no weapons. He was alone and unarmed. He was faithful in love and fearless in the matters of war .He was a brave knight.

Q2 Where do you think Lochinvar was going? Why do you think so?

To win his true love. For a line in the poem says ‘So faithful in love and dauntless in war.............

Q3 How do you know that Lochinvar was bent on achieving whatever he was aiming at?

Lochinvar did not take any breaks. No stones or obstacles could stop him in his way. The Eske river did not have any shallow areas which would make crossing the river easier. However, Lochinvar with all his might even swam the deep Eske river.

Q4 Where does Lochinvar finally alight? What had happened by the time he had arrived?

He alighted at the gate of Netherby. By the time he had arrived the bride Ellen had consented to marry another man, who was a dastard/coward in war and a laggard/lags behind in love.

“So boldly he enter’d...........Or to dance at our bridal, young Lord Lochinvar?”(pg 11)

Q5  Was the bride’s father pleased at Lochinvar’s arrival? How do you know this?

No. He was not pleased. When he was questioning Lochinvar he had his hand on his sword.

Q6 What did the bride’s father ask Lochinvar?

He asked whether Lochinvar had come there in peace or to fight or to have a dance during the wedding.

“I long woo’d your daughter......That would gladly be bride to the young Lochinvar.”(pg 11)

Q7 What did Lochinvar tell Ellen’s father regarding his entry at Netherby?

He said that he had proposed Ellen however Ellen’s father had denied his suit. A love which was not encouraged would soon die down. He had now come to have a dance and drink a cup of wine at Ellen’s wedding. He also added that there are many suitable maidens in Scotland who would gladly be his bride.

“The bride kiss’d the goblet/wine glass......Now tread we a measure!” said young Lochinvar”(pg 11)

Q8 What did lochinvar do in the above lines?

Lochinvar quickly drank the wine and threw the cup down. Ellen was filled with emotions. She had a smile on her lips and she was blushing. Before her mother could stop Lochinvar he asked her for a dance.

Q9 Do you think Lochinvar came with a plan in mind? Why do you think so?

Yes, Lochinvar did come with a plan in his mind and that was to elope with the fair Ellen. It is only someone who was determined to acheive something , would think of overcoming all the obstacles in his way like the way Lochinvar did.

(a) Brave, fearless, true lover

 (b) For a laggard in love and a dastard in war. The bridegroom was slow in love

and wicked and cruel when it came to war.

 (c) Lochinvar answers that his suit was denied and now he has come only for a

dance.

 (d) Lochinvar did not want anyone else to know about his plans.

“So stately his form .................................... To have match’d our fair cousin with young Lochinvar.”(pg. 11)

Q10 Why did the bride-maidens feel Lochinvar was a better match for Ellen?

The handsome Lochinvar and the beautiful Ellen made a lovely couple on the dance floor.

Q11  How did Ellen’s father and mother react?

Her mother fretted and father fumed.

“One touch to her hand...........They’ll have fleet steeds that follow,” quoth young

Lochinvar.”(Pg. 11-12)

Q12  what plan did lochinvar execute?

Lochinvar whispers into Ellen’s ears. As they reach the hall door a horse was waiting for them. He swung Ellen onto the horse and rode away with her. Young Lochinvar knew they would be followed by the horses and the kinsmen.

There was mounting.........gallant like young Lochinvar?(pg.12)

Q 13 explain the above lines?

The men of Netherby mounted their horses. They raced and chased the couple. But no one could spot them far and wide.